Medical

media type="custom" key="3921645"Medical How did the medical field change from the past to today? Today you can go to a doctor for as throat culture or for a brace. In the 1900’s tools were different. There have been changes in surgery and testing in the medical industry is extremely different today, compared to back then. In 1970’s, new, accurate methods and machines such as MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (right) advance field of diagnostic medicine. How did doctors discover germs and disease? The study of bacteria and other germs, Robert Koch would have used equipment similar to modern items. Koch developed ideas of teacher, anatomies Jacob Henle, devised four Kenkle Koch postulates, or, conditions, which must be fulfilled before organism can be said to cause disease. A specific germ must be take from sufferers to identify in all cases odd disease, 2. It must be cultured or grown in pure form, in laboratory. 3. The given animals, these cultured germs must cause disease. 4. Germs must be recovered from animals used, showing germs have survived and multiplied in host. Modern versions of these guide lines are still in use today. How did doctors treat transplants and implants in 1900’s? IN 1912 French surgeon Alexis Carrel developed methods of joining blood vessels that made transplantation of organs easier. He advanced this technique further, simulating use of transplantation, in experimental biology. He also developed fluids, the means of circulating them so transplanted tissue could be kept alive outside the living body, in artificial media. Theoretical work by Jean Dausset, George Davis Shell, Barju Benacerraf on genetic basis on histocopatability paved way for practical applications. In 1940’s, Sir Peter Brian Medawar and Sir Macfarane Burnet described forgeion tissue rejection and acquired immunological tolerance, opening way for transplants operations. First successful identical twin transplants human kidney was made by Joseph E, Murray in 1954. first human heart transplant was performed by South African surgeon Christian Barnard In 1967 in 1968 Edward D. Thomas performed first successful bore-marrow transplant between people who were not twins.

How did doctors treat the eye in the 1900’s? Lasers are used by surgeons today. The laser began in thoughts of Albert Einstein, in 1917. Einstein considered just what happens when atoms absorb light. He first envisioned by Einstein in 1905photob is a piece of light. Einstein realizes that all light is made of photons. The lasers can e aimed so precisely they can heat up and destroy cancerous tumors while leaving surrounding tissues unharmed.

How did you get blood? Until 1930’s most blood transfusions was arranged with selected donor-usually relative of patient –with blood still warm. Since Second World War methods were developed to filter blood, and treat it with chemicals to increase its various components, and refrigerate it. Blood banks now provide vast quantities of blood products for routine surgery and emergencies. Now donors are always needed.

How did the doctors in the 1900’s test blood? Hematology is medical specialty concerned with disease e sod blood – its cells, blood clotting platelets, dozens of other constituents. There are hundreds of microscopic examinations and chemical tests on blood, depending on suspected disease. Hemoglobin contained in red cells, gives color, caries oxygen around the body. In sufficed malformed hemoglobin causes anemia. British neurologist. (Brain and nerve specialist) William Gowers (1845-1915) invented hemoglobin meter in 1875 in the 20th century taking samples of the blood, urine, sputum and other substances of microscopic testing became more common.

How did doctors treat rickets? Ultraviolet light therapy was made available in many industrial areas during the 1930’s. Here, is given in British child welfare clinic, 1938, to prevent rickets, the condition is caused by lack of vitamin D, in which bones do not form properly. Rickets caused by poor diet and lack of sunlight –sunlight causes vitamin D to form in the skin, so ultraviolet light ( which is in sunlight ) can be used to do the same thing.

What types of instruments were used for surgery in the 1900’s? The doctors used a tool called tidying up during surgery. The tool was used to tie and trim with the suture scissors. The notch is at the end to catch suture thread, otherwise it tends to slip along out from between blades as they close. In an emergency ordinary scissors suffice- like wise, skilled surgeons can improvise with minimum of instruments. Surgical stapling instruments, first developed in Soviet Union, can join blood vessels, or other tissue n less then half of the time required by hand stitching. New medical glues, surgical tapes, and even zippers now enable surgeons to close some wounds effectively without stitches. A trend toward less invasive surgery and shorter hospital stays began by 1995 more than 56% of all surgical procedures in the United States were done on outpatient basis without overnight stay in the hospital.

How did doctors discover different DNA’S? At the beginning of the twentieth century, scientists already understood that living beings contain genes that are located in chromosomes in the body. The structures of tee ne remained a mystery, however, scientists eventually discovered chromosomes contain DNA and proteins, or ribonucleic acid appears in every cell. As you can see medical improved from the 20th century to today. You can get a shot to prevent a disease, or get a needle to check your blood, or chemo therapy to kill cancer. Today’s industry would be nothing with out the twentieths century influential experience. by- Annie

Casanellas, Antonio. __Great discoveries & inventions that improved human health__. Milwaukee: Gareth Stevens, 2000. Publishing, DK. __Eyewitness Medicine (Eyewitness Books)__. New York: DK CHIDREN "Einstein's Knife. []